Takayasu arteritis Takayasu arteritis is a chronic vasculitis mainly involving the aorta and its main branches such as the brachiocephalic, carotid, subclavian, vertebral, and renal arteries, as well as the coronary and pulmonary arteries. It induces clinically varied ischaemic symptoms due to stenotic lesions or thrombus formation. More acute progression causes destruction of the media … Read more
Most common cardiac mass ➜ thrombus Metastasis: 20-40 times more frequent than primary tumor – from lung and breast Primary cardiac tumor: prevalence 0.002-0.3% Benign: 75% of primary cardiac tumor – Most common : myxomaMalignant: 25% of primary cardiac tumors – Most common : angiosarcoma Pericardial tumors – benign teratomas, malignant mesotheliomas According to JACC … Read more
•Congenital (0.002~0.044%)•Partial > Complete•Associate with VSD, PDA, MS, TOF…•Partial absence – Herniation of LA appendage or LV ➔ fatal myocardial strangulation •Imaging findings – Leftward displacement of the heart (more common in complete absence) – Prominent PA and interposed lung tissue ➔ radiolucent zone btw MPA and the aorta – Partial prominence of left heart … Read more
Fibrous or calcific constrictive thickening of the pericardium ➜ Diastolic dysfunction (should be differentiated with RCMP) May follow any type of pericardial effusion and may develop within two or three months of the effusion, or it may take years to develop. Tbc pericarditis (m/c)Post-operative pericarditisPost-radiation Restrictive CMP Constrictive pericarditis Etiology Amyloidosis, Sarcoidosis… Tuberculosis… Myocardial wall … Read more
Etiology– Injury •Acute MI, pericardiotomy/post MI •Mediastinal irradiation– Infection •Virus (influenza, coxsackievirus), bacteria, tuberculosis, fungus or parasite– Connective-tissue Dz •Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosis– Metabolic disorder (uremia)– Idiopathic condition Imaging finding CT/MR – Thickened pericardium with smooth margin – Intense early enhancement – Variable quantity of effusion – With/without constriction Chronic: irregular thickening with calcification
Originates in the obstruction of venous or lymphatic drainage from the heart Common causesheart failure (most common)renal insufficiencyinfection (bacterial, viral, or tuberculous)neoplasm (carcinoma of lung or breast, or lymphoma)injury (from trauma or myocardial infarction)
(1)Dilated cardiomyopathy (2)Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (3)Restrictive cardiomyopathy (a) amyloidosis (b) sarcoidosis (4)Noncompaction of ventricle (5)Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (6)Stress induced cardiomyopathy (Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy) (7)Myocarditis
2. Clinical features – Flu-like symptom, Frequently elevated cardiac enzyme – Difficult to differentiate with acute myocardial infarction by clinical symptoms – Mostly self limited, but can progress to DCMP 3. Imaging features MRI – T2WI : edema – Early enhanced T1WI : hyperemia and capillary leak – DE-MRI : multiple patchy enhancement predominantly in … Read more
2. MRI findings – LV akinesia/hypokinesia in apico-to mid portion and apical ballooning – Hyperkinesia of basal wall – High T2 intensity signal (edema) : matches the wall-motion abnormalities seen on cine MRI – No DCE – Absence of significant luminal narrowing in epicardial artery – Normal MRI perfusion 3. Summary – Transient LV apical … Read more
2. Characteristics of Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia – Progressive fibrofatty replacement of RV – Cause of sudden cardiac death in younger patient – Familial history in about 50% 3. MRI findings – RV motion abnormality – RV dilatation – RV wall thinning – Delayed enhancement on RV wall – focal fat infiltration in normal myocardium … Read more